| Neurosurgery which is often called as neurological | | | | evaculations of hematomas and trigeminal neuralgia. |
| surgery refers to a medical science dealing with | | | | Cranioplasty is also used is some cases. Stereotactic |
| diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of | | | | Radiosurgery involves radiation. Oncologists and |
| any kind of disorder which tends to affect the entire | | | | neurosurgeons work together in treatments for |
| nervous system. The nervous system includes brain, | | | | tumor and also in cases of AVM treatment. Gamma |
| spinal cord, peripheral nerves, spinal column and | | | | knife along with Cyber-knife are used in these |
| extra-cranial cerbrovascular system in a body. | | | | procedures. |
| Walter Dandy and Harvey Cushing were the pioneers | | | | Treatment of aneurysms, carotid stenosis, AVMs, |
| for their study and research which lead to formation | | | | spinal malformations, many types of strokes and |
| of many techniques in this field. Surgeons all over the | | | | vasospasms involve usage of endovascular image |
| world use the techniques initiated by Dandy and | | | | guiding procedures and techniques. Apart from these, |
| Cushing. Other important surgeons who influenced | | | | there are certain procedures in neurological surgery |
| the field of neurosurgery include Dr. Mixter , Dr. Barr, | | | | which use MRI and even functional MRI |
| Almeida Lima and Egas Moniz . | | | | intraoperatively. |
| Neurosurgical Methods: - Methods used in | | | | Neurological Conditions: - Neurosurgery is used in |
| neurosurgical analysis and treatment are known as | | | | many types of treatments. Some common conditions |
| neuroradiogy methods or neurosurgical methods in | | | | include spinal disc herniation, hydrocephalus, psychiatric |
| most cases. Most common neurosurgical methods are | | | | disorders , spinal stenosis, brian hemorrhages, vascular |
| as follows: | | | | malformations , skull fractures, other types of head |
| • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | | | | traumas, trauma related to spinal cord, injuries related |
| • Computer assisted imaging or computed | | | | to peripheral nerves, peripheral neuropathies , |
| tomography (CT) | | | | infections requiring neurological surgery, tumors |
| • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) | | | | related to spine, peripheral nerves, spinal cord, |
| • Positron emission tomography (PET) | | | | intracerebral hemorrhage, advanced treatments in |
| • Stereotactic surgery (SS) | | | | Parkinson's disease and chorea (these require |
| Microsurgery is often used in many facets of a | | | | stereotactic techniques) and Moyamoya disease. |
| neurological surgery. Many procedures like | | | | Recent developments in neurosurgery suggest its |
| laminectomy, microdiscectomy, and even | | | | use in arteriovenous malformations, cavernous |
| ‘artificial discs' rely on microsurgery. EC-IC | | | | angiomas, venous angiomas, capillary telangectasias |
| surgery requires microvascular anastomosis. A | | | | of the brain and spinal cord as well. As neurosurgery |
| microscope is used for the clipping of aneurysms in | | | | is used in the treatment of one of the most |
| these cases. Minimally invasive spine surgery is known | | | | important parts of the human assembly - nervous |
| to utilize these techniques. | | | | system, hence its research is funded by various |
| Endoscopic techniques are utilized to assist the | | | | medical institutions. |